双负载正交双能道 IPT 系统的交互耦合及功率交互机制
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重庆理工大学重庆400054

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TH162TM724

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国家自然科学基金(52207004)、重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究计划(KJQN202501164)项目资助


Interactive coupling and power interaction mechanism of dual-load IPT system with quadrature double channels
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Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054, China

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    摘要:

    双负载正交双能道(QDC)感应电能传输(IPT)系统可对用电设备进行宽空间范围和高自由度的电能输送。QDC-IPT系统的耦合互感会诱发环流,干扰其正常谐振运行状态。针对双负载QDC-IPT系统,建立了考虑正对和交叉耦合互感的系统模型,揭示了由耦合互感产生的环流传输路径,并分析了能道间的耦合环流及其形成机理,给出了传能分量与环流分量的表达式,明确了环流无功分量对系统的作用。推导了环流和接收线圈回路在发射线圈处的映射阻抗,揭示了两路能道的交互耦合作用可表征为阻容串联支路。分析了双能道间的功率流向和系统传输功率与效率,并推导了由输入电压分量和环流分量产生的功率比值,明确了环流分量在系统工作过程中的无功和有功成分作用,构建了一种在特定条件下环流无功对变感无功进行补偿的功率交互机制。推导了同相、反相和正交3种激励条件下,通过环流无功补偿能道无功的输入电压幅值表达式,并确定了以品质因数为运行模式的切换判据。最后,搭建了1 kW系统仿真模型和实验样机,仿真和实验结果验证了所分析的能道间交互耦合作用的正确性和功率交互机制补偿的有效性,在正交激励条件下实现对能道的交互补偿,传能通道功率因数增加了0.11,且系统效率提升至93%。

    Abstract:

    The dual-load inductive power transfer (IPT) system with quadrature double channels (QDC) enables wide-range and high degrees of freedom power delivery for electrical devices. The coupling mutual inductance within the QDC-IPT system can induce circulating currents, which interfere with its normal resonant operation state. For the dual-load QDC-IPT system, a system model considering the direct and cross coupling mutual inductances is established. The transmission path of the circulating current generated by the coupling mutual inductance is revealed, and the coupling circulating current between the channels and its formation mechanism are analyzed. The expressions of the power transfer component and the circulating current component are given, and the effect of the reactive component of the circulating current on the system is clarified. The reflected impedance of the circulating current and the receiving coil circuit at the transmitter coil are derived, revealing that the interactive coupling effect between two channels can be characterized as a series branch of resistance and capacitance. The power flow between the two channels, the system transmission power, and the efficiency are analyzed. The power ratio generated by the input voltage component and the circulating current component is derived, clarifying the roles of the reactive and active components of the circulating current component during the system operation. Furthermore a power interaction mechanism is constructed, in which the reactive power of the circulating current compensates for the reactive power caused by the variable inductance under specific conditions. The expressions of the input voltage amplitude for compensating the channel reactive power through the reactive power of the circulating current are derived at three excitation conditions. The switching criterion for the operation mode based on the quality factor is determined. Finally, a 1 kW system model and a prototype are built. Simulation and experimental results validate the correctness of interaction coupling and power interaction mechanism compensation. At quadrature excitation, the compensation of energy channels is achieved. The power factor of the energy transfer channel increased by 0.11, and the system efficiency was improved to 93%.

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谢诗云,马国栋,刘睿杰,李红玉,陈龙.双负载正交双能道 IPT 系统的交互耦合及功率交互机制[J].仪器仪表学报,2026,47(4):317-334

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-06-08
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