基于电磁跟踪与超声图像的介入机器人穿刺导航方法及实验研究
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TP242.3

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国家自然科学基金(51675142)、黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目(ZD2018013)资助


Puncture navigation method and experiment study of interventional robot based on electromagnetic tracking and ultrasound image
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    摘要:

    在超声引导的微创介入手术应用中,仅凭超声图像难以实现对手术针实时、准确的跟踪。利用电磁定位系统结合超声图像实现微创介入机器人的穿刺导航任务。超声图像用于确定局部病变的位置,电磁定位系统用于对手术针进行实时定位和跟踪。为使二者有机结合,提出了一种基于伯恩斯坦多项式的误差补偿方法,对跟踪误差进行补偿;采用N线模型法对超声图像进行标定,并以此为基础完成手术针与图像空间的配准,进而提出了虚拟进针路径的概念,实现了电磁定位数据与图像数据的融合。为验证所提方法的有效性和可行性,对超声系统与电磁定位系统的结合性进行了实验研究;搭建了前列腺微创介入机器人平台,进行了多种角度下的靶向穿刺定位实验。实验结果表明:在使用尼龙作为机器人本体材料、钛合金材质手术针的前提下,所提方法对假体穿刺的平均精密度为114 mm,平均准确度为162 mm,能够满足前列腺介入手术的临床精度要求。

    Abstract:

    In the application of ultrasoundguided minimally invasive interventional surgery, it is difficult to track the surgical needle in real time and accurately only using ultrasound images. In this paper, the electromagnetic positioning system combined with ultrasound image is used to realize the task of puncture navigation for minimally invasive interventional robot. The ultrasound image is used to determine the position of the local suspicious lesion area, while the electromagnetic positioning system is used to perform the real time positioning and tracking of the surgical needle. In order to combine them organically, an error compensation method based on Bernstein polynomial is proposed to compensate the tracking error. The Nline model method is used to calibrate the ultrasound image. On this basis, the registration of the surgical needle and the image space is completed, the concept of virtual needle insertion path is proposed, and then the fusion of electromagnetic positioning data and image data is realized. In order to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method, the experimental study on the combination of ultrasonic system and electromagnetic positioning system was carried out. A prostate minimally invasive interventional robot platform was built, and the targeted puncture positioning experiments were carried out from various angles. The experiment results show that under the premise of using nylon as robot body material and titanium alloy surgical needle, using this method, the average precision of prosthesis puncture is 114 mm and the average accuracy is 162 mm, which can meet the clinical accuracy requirement of prostate interventional surgery.

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毕津滔,张永德,孙波涛.基于电磁跟踪与超声图像的介入机器人穿刺导航方法及实验研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2019,40(7):253-262

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-02-17
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