UWB (Ultra-Wide Band, UWB) technology is one of the main approaches for obtaining the location coordinates of unmanned equipment while inspecting in large enclosed spaces with multiple obstacles. Currently, the design of UWB location base stations topology mainly relies on manual methods, which have many shortcomings such as low design efficiency, unknown design effect, and difficult determination of cost-effectiveness. To address these issues, this paper proposes a scientific and complete topological evaluation system of UWB location base stations, and a universal automated design method for the topology of UWB location base stations in large enclosed spaces. The method is based on simulation, genetic algorithm and topological evaluation system to automatically generate the optimal topology scheme suitable for practical application scenarios, including the optimal number and location information of base stations. The experimental results show that: 1) The topology generated by the universal design approach has a better comprehensive performance than the topology with the largest number of base stations, with an increase of 6.2% in overall performance; it also has a better comprehensive performance than the topology with the smallest number of base stations, with an increase of 21.2% in overall performance. 2) The topology generated by the universal design method has a better comprehensive performance than the serrated topology designed by humans, with an increase of 11.4% in overall performance and a design efficiency increase of 92.9%. Therefore, for the scenario of multiple obstacles in large enclosed spaces, the approach proposed in this paper can design a topology with better overall performance and higher cost-effectiveness in a shorter time, providing a foundation for unmanned equipment to conduct autonomous patrols and inspections in such large enclosed spaces.