Aiming at the problem of how to effectively obtain the full diversity gain in the wireless ultraviolet Multiinput Multipleoutput (MIMO) turbulence channel in the case of accurate estimation of the channel, the transmission characteristics of wireless ultraviolet communication are firstly studied, and then the MIMO channel and the main factors affecting the ultraviolet communication are studied. Finally, the bit error rate formula of LOS and NLOS is derived by using bit complementary orthogonal spacetime code (BCOSTBC) coding. The experimental results show that the bit error rate performance of 1×2, 2×1, 2×2 system is improved by 3, 6 and 9 dB respectively in LOS and NLOS. Increasing the number of photodetector can increase the diversity gain. The 2×2 system needs the least transmission power, the transmission distance is farther, the data transmission rate is bigger, the bit error rate is lower. In the NLOS condition, through the small angle transmission angle can improve the system bit error rate performance.