Aiming at the problem of carriage speed asynchronization caused by external disturbance during the operation of high-speed trains (HST), a distributed speed coordinated tracking control (DSCTC) method for HST based on an improved disturbance observer (IDO) is proposed. Firstly, a distributed HST model is established, secondly, combining HST with multi-agent system, and a DSCTC algorithm is designed; and an IDO is used to estimate the unknown disturbance of the system, and the observed value is fed back to the controller as compensation, and the Lyapunov stability analysis proves the stability of the controller and observer. Finally, the proposed method is verified by simulation, the speed tracking accuracy of the proposed method reaches 99. 9%.