A fault location method based on GraphSAGE (graph sample and aggregate, GSA) algorithm is proposed in this paper. The morphological black hat operation is performed on the power-side bus voltage of the distribution network as the fault detection criterion to start the fault location algorithm. The GSA model is used to independently mine topology and zero sequence current features, and function mapping is established according to node features and labels to evaluate the running state of the line to achieve fault location. Based on the PSCAD/ EMTDC simulation platform, an IEEE 33-node simulation model is constructed to acquire data resources and validate the proposed method. Reliable fault location results are obtained by applying the proposed method. Furthermore, in distribution networks with topological changes, the model can obtain reliable fault localization results without retraining, which verifies the robustness and adaptability of the method to topological changes