In order to reduce the influence of energy limitation of wireless sensor network and prolong the life cycle of the network, a method for finding the optimal route planning based on the behavior of ants’ chaotic behavior and spontaneous behavior is presented in this paper. From both energy consumption and delay of the network, in view of node position, and according to the node transmission direction with the jump probability of forming the fan ring region, the method selects the node partition in higher residual energy and the distance of the node closer to the node as the neighbor node and uses bidirectional search to preserve the global optimal location update to consider finding the optimal solution. The experimental results show that this scheme can effectively reduce the network delay, balanced reduce the network energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.