At present, the existing quantum similarity comparison:one is to compare the pixel values of the image’s corresponding position one by one;the other is to represent two images by quantum states, then the two images are connected (it means that the two quantum states are connected to a state), and the relevant quantum operation is carried out.The proposed algorithm is based on the nonconnected image, the image is represented by quantum states. Next,the control swap (cSwap) operation is performed, then the quantum measurement is carried out,and the similarity of two images is determined according to the measurement result.The proposed quantum similarity comparison algorithm is applied to quantum gesture recognition, and the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible in identifying the problem.In the classic field, the process of gesture recognition is more complex.In the quantum field, there is no need to extract the gestures of the color, texture, features and other steps. The gesture can be binarized directly, and then the gesture recognition is achieved according to the proposedimage similarity algorithm.