To address the frequent disassembly required for program updates in storage systems within the industrial testing field, as well as the unique need for data storage without a host computer, a smart online upgrade storage system design based on FPGA is proposed. This system utilizes FPGA as the main controller and employs a combination of Gigabit Ethernet and FLASH. Update instructions and configuration files are transmitted via Gigabit Ethernet to the program memory, where they are partitioned, erased, and written to SPI Flash, enabling online upgrades of the FPGA program. Additionally, the optocoupler instruction parsing module enables the system to operate independently of a host computer, performing intelligent data storage autonomously. Furthermore, the system integrates a reliable feedback design using a custom DR_UDP protocol, optimizing the communication efficiency and stability of the Gigabit Ethernet port. Functional verification analysis confirms that the system operates stably, flexibly, and reliably, with a Gigabit Ethernet transmission rate reaching 700 Mb/s, and no data loss detected. This system can be widely applied in various scenarios where disassembly is inconvenient.