DC microgrid, as an important form of comprehensive utilization of new energy, plays an important role in the effective utilization of distributed power generation. A cascaded active disturbance rejection control strategy based on deep deterministic strategy is designed to address the problem of deteriorating power quality of interface converters in DC microgrids under real-time disturbances. Introducing a new observer into the original state observer and cascading it to form a cascaded self disturbance rejection, improving the initial observer′s resistance to disturbances, and establishing a linear feedback law to counteract the observed disturbances, enhancing the system′s ability to suppress real-time disturbances. To suppress the adverse effects caused by the uncertainty characteristics of the system controller parameters, a deep deterministic gradient algorithm is introduced to achieve adaptive tuning of the controller parameters, ensuring the real-time optimality of the system parameters and further enhancing the system′s ability to suppress real-time disturbances. Finally, theoretical analysis was conducted on the tracking performance and disturbance rejection performance of the observer, and the performance differences of different control strategies under various operating conditions were compared through simulation, verifying the correctness and superiority of the proposed control strategy.