In order to solve the problems of large computation and low localization accuracy of ZNCC template matching algorithm, this paper proposes a ZNCC displacement extraction algorithm based on improved edge information. First, the sub-pixel accuracy of the ZNCC displacement extraction algorithm based on ZNCC is improved by surface fitting method. Then, the important information features in each frame of the video are extracted using the filtered Sobel operator edge detection algorithm to create a new template and perform ZNCC correlation value calculation. In order to reduce the number of matching points and operations, different step sizes are set according to the number of information points. Finally, the ZNCC displacement extraction algorithm based on improved edge information is used to extract the displacement waveform graphs of the moving objects in the experimental video for analysis and verification. The experimental results show that the measurement speed is improved by 77.46% and the measurement error is 0.234 4%, which proves that the ZNCC displacement extraction algorithm based on improved edge information not only retains the search accuracy and stability advantages of the original algorithm, but also achieves a significant improvement in speed.