In response to the poor corrosion resistance and short life cycle of the current steel cable, as well as the inability to meet the requirements of the current engineering applications of oversized spans, carbon fiber composites provide a new research direction for finding new materials to replace steel cable ties due to their excellent mechanical properties and stable chemical properties. This study uses a combination of experimental and numerical simulation to carry out the analysis and detection of eddy current fields in CFRP crack damaged structures. The results show that the coil is most sensitive to the detection of crack damage in CFRP cables when the excitation frequency is 1 250 kHz. The amplitude of the signal at the crack increases with the increase of the crack depth; it shows the trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the crack width, and the amplitude reaches the maximum value when the crack width is 1.5 mm. Eddy current inspection technology can be effectively applied in the detection of damage defects in CFRP, providing a reference basis for the future use of electromagnetic eddy current technology to achieve in-service defect detection of CFRP cables.