Exploring the surface of Mars with a mobile rover is the mainstream way for major spacefaring nations to explore Mars. In order to get a safe path for the rover, a Mars rover path planning algorithm based on the improved A-Star algorithm is proposed. By improving the weight factor in the path information algorithm and optimizing the objective function of the traditional algorithm, a large number of worthless search paths can be omitted, shortening the time of search and improving the search efficiency. Compared with the traditional path planning can shorten 53.94% of the time; the introduction of corner optimization algorithm, in the case of the path length is basically the same, reduce the number of turns in the global path; to meet the needs of efficient and stable operation of the detector, corner optimization, the number of turns can be reduced by 16.77%. The path is smoothed by the fourth-order Bessel curve, effectively avoiding the appearance of corner spikes and ensuring the smooth travel of the rover on the surface of Mars.