In land drilling, the land drill column conveying robot can automatically grab drill columns, adjust the attitude of drill columns, and then transport drill columns to the rat hole. However, drill columns may be inclined when placed, causing the robot to fail to grasp. Therefore, this paper designs an automatic deviation correction algorithm for drill column transportation based on laser sensors. Firstly, two laser sensors are used to scan and acquire the distance information of any two sections of the drill column, and the position of the center of the section is obtained by least square fitting. Due to the fact that the soil adhered to the surface of drill strings will affect the collected data during actual field operations, the Grubbs criterion is used to screen the data through multiple iterations. Then, the deflection angle of the drill string is calculated by the center of the circle and sent to the manipulator for positioning and grabbing. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is tested by simulating the different positions and thicknesses of the soil attached to the drill string in the drilling site. The experimental results show that the algorithm is feasible, highly portable in engineering, meets the requirements of engineering application, and improves the automation level of drill string conveying robots.