Aiming at the problems of a large amount of communication data and high communication costs existing in the current power information acquisition system, a power information acquisition system based on a uC/OS embedded real-time operating system is designed. The system includes a smart electricity meter, power information acquisition terminal, host computer software, and master station data center. According to the parameters set by the upper computer, the system collects the data in the electricity meter downlink. After data compression processing in the acquisition terminal, the data is transmitted to the master station through remote communication technology, which is convenient for the staff to monitor and manage the power data. In this paper, the Lempel-Ziv-Oberhumer lossless compression technology and run-length coding technology are combined to improve the data compression scheme, and the feasibility of the data compression scheme is verified by the comparison experiment of data compression. The experimental results show that the data compression technology used in the system effectively improves the communication efficiency of data transmission, and verifies the practicability and effectiveness of the system.