With the increasing resolution of satellite payload cameras, the amount of image data acquired by them also increases rapidly. How to transfer payload data to the back-end device for high-speed and reliable processing is the current problem to be solved. In this paper, the high-speed SERDES interface chip named TLK2711 and three-way homologous clock working principle are studied and applied, and the transmission error in the high-speed data link of the satellite TLK2711 is analyzed. A high-speed data interface design based on three-way homologous clock is presented, and the specific design of the high-speed data interface is described in detail. Firstly, the disadvantage of the original scheme, that is, the output data signal to TLK2711 by the field programmer without additional reference clock, is analyzed. Based on the original scheme, an improved scheme is proposed. Three-way homologous clocks are added to the original circuit to provide reference clocks for the field programmer and TLK2711. The causes and effects of bit error rate are analyzed in depth, and the optimal phase detection and RS encoding are proposed, and the feasibility of its application in high-speed data transmission interface is verified. The interface design is validated. The experimental results show that the TLK2711 high-speed data transfer interface can achieve up to 2.5 Gbit/s data transmission. Compared with the original scheme, the data clock jitter of TLK2711 high-speed data transfer interface design based on three-way homologous clock is reduced by 59.5%, and the RS encoding error correction capability is strong, which greatly reduces the error rate of CRC, significantly reduces the error rate of hardware implementation, and enhances the working stability of the interface.