Real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction is an important means of rapid detection of New Coronavirus COVID-19.After sampling a series of complex chemical reactions, the virus results were obtained through the RT-qPCR temperature control system. The RT-qPCR temperature controller is actually an accurate temperature controller and spectral detection electronic equipment. This paper adopts the design architecture includedARM processor,H-bridge driverandPeltier, meanwhile realizes the rapid rise and fall of temperature through normalized PID algorithm.So as to build a low-cost and miniaturized temperature control system. The system can select nuclear acid detection suitable for other viruses according tothe different temperature settings and fluorescent agents, and the temperature control can achieve the heating rate of not less than 15℃/s The cooling rate shall not be less than 8℃/s, the temperature accuracy shall be within0.1℃, the overshoot of temperature rise and fall shall be less than 4℃, and the stability time shall be 3s.