In order to realize the long-time acquisition and storage of underwater acoustic transducer on small underwater working platform, a miniaturized, low-power, large-capacity acquisition and storage system based on STM32H743 series as the core controller is designed. The program design mainly uses STM32CubeMX to complete the overall framework construction and peripheral controller configuration, and completes the application control logic design based on the HAL library. In particular, the necessary exception handling and information feedback are added to the storage type peripheral control, which not only improves the reliability of the system, but also provides a variety of emergency handling solutions for the application platform. After the test, the system performance is stable, and the overall power consumption can be controlled within 1.5W. After data upload and analysis, the Ethernet upload speed can reach 3MB/s, the upload function is stable, and the data storage is normal. At present, the system has been produced in small batches and applied to the small underwater working platform.