In order to solve the problem that the wireless magnetic induction communication system in underground environment has large path loss and can not achieve long-distance communication, this paper constructs the magnetic induction channel models based on waveguide technology and collaborative technology. Through waveguide technology, passive relay coils are introduced between the transceiver coils, and the transmission of signals is completed through the magnetic coupling of a series of resonant coils; through cooperative technology, the transmitted magnetic induction wave reaches the receiver by multiple different paths to complete the transmission of information.Through the simulation analysis of path loss, BER and other characteristics, the results show that: when the path loss is less than 100dB, the maximum transmission distance of the ordinary magnetic induction system is about 20m, while the maximum distance of the magnetic induction collaborative system and the waveguide system is extended to 45m and 150m respectively; the path loss of the magnetic induction waveguide system is greater than that of the cooperative system when the transmission distance is close, and its path loss can be further reduced by reducing the spacing and resistance of the relay coils. The path loss of magnetic induction cooperative system is less affected by the location, spacing and number of coils, thus reducing the difficulty of deployment. So, both communication models can effectively reduce the path loss of the channel and increase the communication distance, and the waveguide technology is more effective.