With the development of acquisition technology, the accuracy of acquisition and the amount of data are getting larger and larger, and higher demand is put forward for data storage and transmission. In order to solve the problems of fast acquisition speed and strong real-time performance of embedded system, this paper designs a data transmission system that combines field programmable gate array (FPGA), NAND FLASH and Gigabit Ethernet PHY chip VSC8641. Through in-depth research on the pipelining storage mode of FLASH and Gigabit Ethernet transmission technology, The design of high-speed FLASH controller and the full duplex mode grouping and unpacking of Ethernet frame format based on UDP and IP protocol are realized. And on the hardware platform developed by ourselves, it is verified that the scheme can store the collected data in FLASH, and transmit it stably and high-speed to PC for processing.