A rehabilitation treatment without drug based on EEG biofeedback technology was proposed to rehabilitate insomnia patients. The EEG acquisition device is designed based on ADS1299, using QT and MATLAB to compile the EEG signal. The α wave characteristic signal decomposed by wavelet transform is used to represent the brain state, which is fed back to the patients through audio and video. According to the quantitative indicators corresponding to the rehabilitation scheme, make insomnia patients obtain a calm and relaxed state to achieve the purpose of insomnia treatment and rehabilitation. Pittsburgh sleep quality index was used to verify the effect of insomnia rehabilitation instrument on insomnia patients. The test shows this device has no side effects and is effective for insomnia patients.