A brillouin distributed sensing measurement method was demonstrated based on InGaAs/InP single photon detector (SPD). The temperature and strain characteristics of optical fiber could be achieved by analyzing the Brillouin power and spectral shift distribution. Besides, this method could measure different range optical fiber by adjusting the detection cycle of the SPD. At last, Brillouin spectrum of 25 km fiber was measured successfully and the 0.05% change of the fiber caused by strain was identified clearly. This method improved the sensitivity and the range of the Brillouin distributed sensing, further broadening its applications in the aviation industry, geological engineering and other fields.