In order to improve the maintenance efficiency and realize the rapid diagnosis of the single board fault, the fault detection platform of the inertial navigation system is designed and developed. The detection platform hardware based on FPGA logic cell and communicated with PC by ISA bus, the software develop driver program and call functions program called by the upper procedure using Visual C ++, the user interface, test procedures and control process using Virtual Instrument LabVIEW. Finally, with SM_MB card as an example implementation of single board fault detection platform test. The results show that, the platform is easy to operate and trustworthy, to meet the requirements of the fault rapid diagnosis test of the inertial navigation system electronic single board of the tracking ship.