Based on LabVIEW multithreading and sound cards in a PC, this paper brings forward a data acquisition and analysis system, which can accomplish acquisition, analysis and comparison of sound signal in real time, and the detection results are obtained timely. Besides, both the sound data acquired and the detection results can be saved to prepare for the post call. It also can use to compare and recognize with the preset standard sound. After the actual test on guitar tone,the results show that in 3% error range of the standard signal, the overall detection accuracy in average reached 91%, with higher accuracy and stability. Many experiments show that when error threshold is between 3% and 5%, the test accuracy is the highest. This solution can be extended to the field of speech recognition, ambient noise monitoring and laboratory measurement et al.