DOA estimation is a very important research area in the field of array signal processing. In this paper, the classical MUSIC and ESPRIT algorithms in DOA estimation are briefly described. The spatial spectrum estimation of MUSIC algorithm is performed under Gaussian white noise with zero mean noise and variance of 0.5, and the directions of the three incoming wave signals are accurately estimated. At the same time, by calculating the SNR of MUSIC algorithm and ESPRIT algorithm under different signal-to-noise ratios, the error of MUSIC algorithm is smaller than the error of ESPRIT algorithm, but the running speed is slower. Under the same signal to noise ratio, the number of array elements was changed and the effect of the square error of the two algorithms was observed. Finally, it is analyzed that the external radiation source radar system often uses two or more radar deployment stations in practical applications. Therefore, the dynamic deployment of multi-ship fleets can be considered as a comprehensive problem of deployment forms and platform maneuvers. The detection accuracy of the multi-station external radiation system based on the GDOP representation under the DOA system is analyzed, and the problem of dynamic deployment of multi-station DOA based on sea-based stations is solved.