基于多策略融合的电动汽车群体内部博弈策略研究
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1.华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院 北京 102206; 2.中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 昆明 650051

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TM73;TN929.5

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云南省省部级科技项目(2021KXJGZS0103)资助


Research on internal game strategies of electric vehicle groups based on multi-strategy fusion
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1.School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; 2.China Power Construction Corporation Kunming Institute of Survey, Design and Research Co., Ltd., Kunming 650051, China

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    摘要:

    为了引导电动汽车用户参与有序充电,提出了一种基于多策略融合的电动汽车群体内部演化博弈模型。首先,设计了包含仅充电、充放电和避开峰时充电3种策略的演化博弈模型,并引入动态阈值机制,结合经验加权吸引规则和费米规则,实现了多策略融合更新。通过设定放电激励和充电补贴,提高了用户对充放电策略选择的积极性。其次,建立了电动汽车群体内部的博弈模型,分析了用户在不同策略下的收益情况,并通过仿真验证了模型的有效性。最后,采用多策略融合更新规则方法,通过动态阈值机制,结合EWA的长期学习能力和Fermi的短期响应优势,显著提高了策略调整的稳定性和适应性。仿真结果表明,该模型能够准确模拟用户决策行为,有效提高电能分配效率,降低电网峰谷差约36.7%。与单一策略更新规则相比,多策略融合方法在策略调整的稳定性和适应性方面表现出显著优势。本文为电网运营商制定激励措施及电动汽车参与车网互动提供了理论支持与参考方法。

    Abstract:

    In order to guide electric vehicle users to participate in orderly charging, this paper proposes an internal evolutionary game model of the electric vehicle group based on multi-strategy fusion. Firstly, an evolutionary game model including three strategies: Charge-only, charge-discharge, and peak-time-avoiding charging was designed. A dynamic threshold mechanism was introduced, combined with the empirical weighted attraction rule and the Fermi rule, to achieve multi-strategy fusion and update. By setting discharge incentives and charging subsidies, users′ enthusiasm for choosing charging and discharging strategies has been enhanced. Secondly, this paper establishes a game model within the electric vehicle group, analyzes the benefits of users under different strategies, and verifies the validity of the model through simulation. Finally, the multi-strategy fusion update rule method was adopted. Through the dynamic threshold mechanism, combined with the long-term learning ability of EWA and the shortterm response advantage of Fermi, the stability and adaptability of strategy adjustment were significantly improved. The simulation results show that this model can accurately simulate the decision-making behavior of users, effectively improve the efficiency of power distribution, and reduce the peak-valley difference of the power grid by approximately 36.7%. Compared with the update rule of a single strategy, the multi-strategy fusion method shows significant advantages in the stability and adaptability of strategy adjustment. This article provides theoretical support and reference methods for power grid operators to formulate incentive measures and for electric vehicles to participate in vehicle-to-grid interaction.

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张弘毅,许刚,王绎.基于多策略融合的电动汽车群体内部博弈策略研究[J].电子测量技术,2026,49(8):67-77

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-06-08
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